Which two hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?

• A. Cortisol and aldosterone
• B. Epinephrine and norepinephrine
• C. Aldosterone and cortisol
• D. Dopamine and serotonin

Answer: (B)

Adrenal medulla releases catecholamines—epinephrine and norepinephrine—into the bloodstream in response to sympathetic stimulation, preparing the body for rapid action during stress. These hormones rapidly increase heart rate and contractility, open airways, raise blood glucose, and redirect blood to muscles. The hormones listed as coming from the adrenal cortex (cortisol and aldosterone) are steroids derived from cholesterol that regulate metabolism and electrolyte balance, not mediated by the medulla. Dopamine and serotonin are neurotransmitters and are not the primary products of the adrenal medulla.