Normality can be expressed as which of the following?

• A. N = Equivalents / L and N = (g/L) / Equivalent Weight
• B. N = Moles / L
• C. N = Grams / L
• D. N = Volume / Mass

Answer: (A)

Normality measures how many reactive units are present in a liter of solution. It is defined as equivalents per liter, meaning how many equivalents of solute are in each liter. This can be written directly as N = Equivalents / L. Since equivalents can be found by dividing the mass of solute by its equivalent weight, normality can also be expressed as N = (g/L) / Equivalent Weight. That’s why this choice is correct.

Molarity (moles per liter) describes a different quantity—the amount of solute in moles per liter, not its reactive capacity. Grams per liter is a mass concentration, not a measure of reactive units. Volume divided by mass isn’t a standard way to express normality.