Niacin deficiency results in Pellagra. Which of the following best describes Pellagra?

• A. Pellagra
• B. Beriberi
• C. Scurvy
• D. Rickets

Answer: (A)

Niacin deficiency causes a specific disease known as Pellagra, which is classically characterized by dermatitis, diarrhea, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (the three Ds). This question is asking for the term that describes the condition arising from niacin deficiency, so the best choice is Pellagra itself, since it names the disease caused by this deficiency. The other conditions listed—Beriberi, Scurvy, and Rickets—are diseases tied to deficiencies of other vitamins (thiamine, vitamin C, and vitamin D respectively) and do not describe Pellagra. Recognizing Pellagra by its link to niacin deficiency and its hallmark symptoms helps distinguish it from these other deficiency diseases. Treatment involves niacin supplementation and addressing any dietary causes.